Multiple myeloma is a form of cancer that targets plasma cells (a type of white blood cell). Plasma cells create disease-fighting antibodies to carry out their responsibility of eliminating infections. Multiple myeloma may be asymptomatic in its early stages.
If you show any multiple myeloma signs and symptoms, there are currently a variety of treatment options that alleviate pain, lower the risk of more complications, and thwart the advancement of the disease.
Some patients who have been diagnosed with multiple myeloma but do not show any symptoms (known as smoldering multiple myeloma) may be advised to postpone treatment while being monitored closely by their specialist. If you do begin to exhibit symptoms or your disease worsens, then a line of treatment may be needed.
Multiple Myeloma Therapy Options
Targeted drug therapy is one of the options and focuses on specific irregularities within myeloma cells that allow them to thrive. Proteasome inhibitors—namely , carfilzomib, and ixazomib—are the drugs used in this form of treatment. They work by blocking the action of proteasomes (enzymes that aid in the breakdown of proteins) to destroy cancer cells. is generally used in patients that have previously gotten a different line of therapy. This medication, available under the brand name , is administered intravenously and is especially reserved for patients with kidney conditions.
Immunomodulatory Agents
Immunomodulating medications such as and are also commonly used in the treatment of multiple myeloma. is a relative of and inhibits the growth of cancer cells.
Steroids
Medications such as and are an integral part of multiple myeloma treatment and are most typically taken in conjunction with a proteasome inhibitor like and an immunomodulating drug such as . Steroids such as can also be effective in easing chemotherapy symptoms such as nausea and vomiting. Long-term use of steroids weakens the immune system, however, so it may increase the danger of infections.
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